• To provide students with an understanding of the role of Distributed generation (DG) schemes in electrical energy networks.
• To provide students with an overview of Distributed Generation techniques of network integration.
• Introduce students to the concept of intermittent power sources and their contribution to capacity in electrical power systems.
• Provide a detailed review of voltage control and fault studies of Distributed Generation schemes.

• Demonstrate understanding of the main components of an electrical distribution network.
• Demonstrate detailed knowledge of the main concepts and principles relating to Distributed Generation schemes and their application to electrical energy networks.
• Recognise the impact of Distributed Generation on network performance.
• Explain the main features of protection systems used in the distribution networks with Distributed Generation.
• Understand the technical and economic factors which should be taken into account when designing distribution network extensions, particularly for Distributed Generation.

The module will be delivered through a blend of online teaching and learning material, guided study, and on-campus face-to-face classes (tutorials, feedback sessions).

• Quantify the effect of Distributed Generation on voltage magnitude and fault levels.
• Evaluate the major technical issues relating to the implementation of Distributed Generation schemes.
• Identify methods used for overcoming voltage problems in networks with Distributed Generation.
• Interpret the benefits that Distributed Generation may provide to a power distribution system.
• Problem-solving specific problems associated with Distributed Generation.
• Use computer software to solve load flows and fault calculations associated with Distributed Generation.
• Exercise substantial independence and initiative in carrying out learning activities.
• Manage time effectively, working with deadlines and prioritise workload.
• Demonstrate independence in reporting and analysing results
• Communicate and participate in group activity and discussions in a variety of tasks.
• Professional awareness of the role and potential of Distributed Generation in electrical energy networks.

There are two components:
Coursework (30%)
End of semester examination (70%)

The module pass mark is 50%.

There is a potential for re-assessment in this module which may result in a 100% written assessment during the August Resit period.

Distributed Generation (DG) Definition and Terminology. Classification of DG Technologies.

Distribution system components Generators
- Synchronous Generators
- Induction Generators
- Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIG)

Wind Turbines
- The wind resource
- Wind Energy Conversion Systems WECS and their electrical generators

Power Control of Wind Turbines

Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation

Voltage Control of Networks with DG
- Managing the voltage rise effect by generation curtailment
- Managing the voltage rise effect by reactive compensation
- Managing the voltage rise effect using coordinated voltage control. Application of OLTCs and Voltage Regulators
- Voltage management services, Ancillary services

Impact of DG on network fault levels
- Fault Level contributions
- Major methods of fault level reduction

Network evolution
- Real and reactive power flow
- DG power flow management
- Ancillary services

Passive and active networks